Everything about Frank B Kellogg totally explained
Frank Billings Kellogg (
December 22,
1856 –
December 21,
1937) was an
American lawyer,
politician and
statesman who served in the
U.S. Senate and as
U.S. Secretary of State. He co-authored the
Kellogg-Briand Pact, for which he was awarded the
Nobel Peace Prize in 1929.
Biography
He was born in
Potsdam,
New York and his family moved to
Minnesota in 1865. He began practicing law in
Rochester, Minnesota, in 1877. He was city attorney of Rochester 1878 – 1881 and county attorney for
Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1882 – 1887. He moved to
St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1887.
Kellogg was a self-trained lawyer. During the early 1900s,
Theodore Roosevelt appointed Kellogg as a prosecutor in the
Justice Department. His most important case was
Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States, 221 U.S. 1 (1911). Following this successful prosecution, he was elected president of the
American Bar Association (1912-1913).
Kellogg was elected as a
Republican to the
United States Senate from Minnesota in 1916 and served from
March 4,
1917 to
March 3,
1923 in the
65th,
66th, and
67th Congresses. During the ratification battle for the
Treaty of Versailles, he was one of the few Republicans who supported ratification. He lost his re-election bid in 1922. He was a delegate to the Fifth
International Conference of American States at
Santiago, Chile in 1923, and served as
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to
Britain from 1923 to 1925.
He was
United States Secretary of State in the Cabinet of
President Calvin Coolidge 1925 – 1929. In 1928, he was awarded the
Freedom of the City in
Dublin,
Ireland and in 1929 the government of
France made him a member of the
Legion of Honor.
As Secretary of State, he was responsible for improving US-Mexican relations and helping to resolve the long-standing
Tacna-Arica controversy between Peru and Chile. His most significant accomplishment however was the
Kellogg-Briand Pact, signed in 1928. Proposed by its other namesake, French foreign minister
Aristide Briand, the treaty intended to provide for "the renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy." He was awarded the 1929
Nobel Peace Prize in recognition.
He was associate judge of the
Permanent Court of International Justice from 1930 to 1935. In 1937, he endowed the
Kellogg Foundation for Education in International Relations at
Carleton College where he was a trustee. He died from pneumonia, following a stroke, on the eve of his 81st birthday in
St. Paul.
His house in St. Paul, the
Frank B. Kellogg House was listed as a
National Historic Landmark in 1976.
Kellogg Boulevard in downtown Saint Paul is also named for him.
Kellogg Middle School in
Shoreline, Washington and
Rochester, Minnesota are named in his honor.
A
Liberty ship, the, was named in his honor.
Bibliography
by Kellogg
China's Outstanding Problems. (1925)
About Kellogg
Bryn-Jones, David.
Frank B. Kellogg: A Biography. New York, G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1937. (Reprinted in 2007: ISBN 978-1-4325-8982-0)
Ellis, Lewis Ethan.
Frank B. Kellogg and American foreign relations, 1925-1929. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1961.
Ferrell, Robert H.
Frank B. Kellogg & Henry L. Stimson: The American Secretaries of State and their diplomacy. Cooper Square Publishers, 1963.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Frank B Kellogg'.
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